Detailed Predictions for: Marshall
Launch Altitude (f): 4040
LZ Altitude (f): 1700
Sounding

Station:

KNKX

Date/Time:

N/A

Temp/Wind data from:

NOAA Digital Forecast

Time
(Local)
High
Temp

Puddle
Temp

Wind
(mph)
Thermal
Ceiling

(ft)
Soaring
Ceiling

(ft)
Above
Launch

(ft)
Thermal
Type
Thermal
Index

(F)
7 AM Mon 40 32 W 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Mon 44 36 W 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Mon 48 41 W 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Mon 51 44 S 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Mon 53 47 S 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Mon 54 48 S 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Mon 55 49 W 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Mon 56 49 W 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Mon 55 47 W 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Mon 53 45 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Mon 50 42 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Mon 47 39 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Mon 46 38 SW 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Mon 45 37 SW 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Mon 44 36 SW 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Mon 44 36 SE 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Mon 44 36 SE 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Tue 43 35 SE 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Tue 42 34 SW 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Tue 42 34 SW 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Tue 41 33 SW 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Tue 41 33 SE 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Tue 41 33 SE 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Tue 41 33 SE 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 AM Tue 41 33 SE 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Tue 44 36 SE 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Tue 46 38 SE 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Tue 49 41 S 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Tue 50 42 S 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Tue 51 43 S 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Tue 51 43 S 7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Tue 52 44 S 7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Tue 51 43 S 7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Tue 49 41 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Tue 46 38 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Tue 44 36 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Tue 42 34 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Tue 41 33 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Tue 41 33 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Tue 40 32 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Tue 40 32 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Wed 40 32 S 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Wed 39 31 S 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Wed 39 31 S 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Wed 38 30 S 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Wed 38 30 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Wed 38 30 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Wed 38 30 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 AM Wed 38 30 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Wed 41 33 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Wed 45 37 E 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Wed 49 42 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Wed 51 44 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Wed 52 45 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Wed 52 45 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Wed 53 46 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Wed 52 44 W 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Wed 50 42 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Wed 47 39 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Wed 45 37 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Wed 43 35 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Wed 42 34 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Wed 42 34 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Wed 41 33 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Wed 41 33 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Thu 41 33 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Thu 40 32 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Thu 40 32 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Thu 39 31 N 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Thu 39 31 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Thu 39 31 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Thu 39 31 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 AM Thu 39 31 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Thu 44 36 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Thu 49 42 N 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Thu 54 47 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Thu 57 51 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Thu 58 52 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Thu 59 53 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Thu 60 53 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Thu 59 51 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Thu 56 48 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Thu 52 44 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Thu 49 41 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Thu 47 39 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Thu 46 38 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Thu 45 37 SW 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Thu 44 36 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Thu 44 36 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Fri 44 36 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Fri 42 34 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Fri 42 34 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Fri 41 33 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Fri 41 33 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Fri 41 33 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Fri 41 33 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 AM Fri 41 33 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Fri 44 36 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Fri 48 40 E 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Fri 51 44 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Fri 53 46 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Fri 54 48 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Fri 54 47 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Fri 55 48 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Fri 54 46 SW 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Fri 52 44 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Fri 49 41 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Fri 47 39 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Fri 45 37 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Fri 44 36 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Fri 44 36 NW 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Fri 43 35 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Fri 43 35 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Sat 43 35 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Sat 42 34 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Sat 42 34 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Sat 41 33 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Sat 41 33 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Sat 41 33 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Sat 41 33 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 AM Sat 41 33 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 AM Sat 46 38 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 AM Sat 51 43 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 AM Sat 56 50 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 AM Sat 59 53 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Noon Sat 60 55 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 PM Sat 61 55 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 PM Sat 62 56 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 PM Sat 61 54 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 PM Sat 58 50 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 PM Sat 55 47 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 PM Sat 51 43 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 PM Sat 50 42 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
8 PM Sat 48 40 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 PM Sat 48 40 N 11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 PM Sat 47 39 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
11 PM Sat 47 39 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
12 Midnight Sun 47 39 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 AM Sun 45 37 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 AM Sun 45 37 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 AM Sun 44 36 N 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4 AM Sun 44 36 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 AM Sun 44 36 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6 AM Sun 44 36 N 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

DISCLAIMER: These estimates are intended to assist in daily site selection only.  No warranty is made concerning the accuracy of these estimates.  These estimates cannot be used to determine if conditions are safe for flying.  Conditions should be evaluated at the launch site by experienced pilots before launching.

Sounding: This is the site at which the weather balloon was released.  If the flying site predicted is far from the sounding site, the estimate is not valid.  Also, the sounding is done at 12Z (4AM PST).  If a front comes through, the sounding is no longer valid. The sounding becomes less valid later in the day.

Thermal Ceiling: the lower of the height at which the thermal stops rising and the cloud level.  We can't fly into the clouds, so it doesn't matter how much higher the thermal goes.  Remember that we can't get to the top of the thermal because of our sink rate.  Our upper limit will be lower than the reported ceiling.

Soaring Ceiling: We will stop going up when the thermal is rising just fast enough to offset our sink.  It is estimated that this happens when the temperature difference between the thermal and the surrounding air is about 2 degrees F. This number is an estimate of the maximum altitude we might reach if we start at launch height, and should be more reflective of our chances of soaring than the thermal top. Please let me know how this compares with actually flying, and I will adjust it as necessary.

Above Launch: The difference between how high we might get and how high we start. This estimate does not account for ridge lift.

High Temp: This estimate is taken from the National Weather Service website.  Puddle temperatures can exceed this temperature. 

Puddle Temp: This estimate is based on the High Temp and the National Weather Service estimate of cloudiness, and the angle of the sun.  When the sun is directly overhead on a sunny day, the puddle temp is esimated to be 25 degrees warmer than the high ambient temperature. This estimate now includes a rigorous calculation of the Sun Angle, and accounts for the seasonal differences in zenith and daylight hours.

Wind: This estimate is taken from the National Weather Service website.

Thermal Type: Blue (no cloud formation) or White (Cloud formation)

Thermal Index: This is the maximum difference in temperature between the rising packet of air (the thermal) and the surrounding air.  The difference in temperature is responsible for the buoyancy of the thermal, and larger temperature differences mean faster rising thermals.  A value of about 10 F or greater often means that the conditions are soarable.  Values above 20 could indicate rowdy thermals.

Validity of estimate: Many factors (including strong wind, fronts, cloud shadows, incorrectly predicted temperatures, etc) can affect the validity of the estimates. 

Author: Tad Hurst